解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::In this work, nanoflower-like MoS2 grown on the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/polyaniline (PANI) nano-stem is synthesized via a facile in situ polymerization and hydrothermal method. Such a novel hierarchical structure commendably promotes the contact of PANI and electrolyte for faradaic energy sto...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171365
更新日期:2018-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to obtain an electrochemical device between the electrostatic interaction of the electropolymerized porphyrin {CoTPyP[RuCl3(dppb)]4}, where TPyP = 5,10,15, 20-tetrapyridilphorphyrin and dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, and gold nanoparticles (AuNPsn-), to be used as a voltammetric sen...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170675
更新日期:2017-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a study of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) films hydrothermally grown on a dome-shaped titanium diaphragm. Few articles in the literature address the implementation of hydrothermal PZT films on curved-diaphragm substrates for resonators. In this study, a 50-μm-thick titanium sheet is embossed using b...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171363
更新日期:2017-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::A major challenge in robotic design is enabling robots to immediately adapt to unexpected physical damage. However, conventional robots require considerable time (more than several tens of seconds) for adaptation because the process entails high computational costs. To overcome this problem, we focus on a brittle star...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171200
更新日期:2017-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we investigate the concept of the targeted delivery of pharmaceutical drug aerosols in an anatomically realistic geometry of the human upper and central respiratory system. The geometry considered extends from the mouth inlet to the eighth generation of the bronchial bifurcations and is identical...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170873
更新日期:2017-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Low levels of heterozygosity can have detrimental effects on life history and growth characteristics of organisms but more subtle effects such as those on trade-offs of expensive tissues and morphological laterality, especially of the brain, have not been explicitly tested. The objective of the current study was to in...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170989
更新日期:2017-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Selten's game is a kidnapping model where the probability of capturing the kidnapper is independent of whether the hostage has been released or executed. Most often, in view of the elevated sensitivities involved, authorities put greater effort and resources into capturing the kidnapper if the hostage has been execute...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171484
更新日期:2017-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Exposed limestone karst landscapes, especially in the tropics, are often home to distinctive and specialized biotas. Among vertebrates, a particularly large number of karst-associated lizard taxa have been described, but for the vast majority, evidence of specific adaptions to karst is lacking. A number of studies, ho...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170781
更新日期:2017-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Currently one small, native population of the culturally and ecologically important Lahontan cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi, LCT, Federally listed) remains in the Truckee River watershed of northwestern Nevada and northeastern California. The majority of populations in this watershed were extirpated in...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171253
更新日期:2017-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::This article studies correlated two-person games constructed from games with independent players as proposed in Iqbal et al. (2016 R. Soc. open sci.3, 150477. (doi:10.1098/rsos.150477)). The games are played in a collective manner, both in a two-dimensional lattice where the players interact with their neighbours, and...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171361
更新日期:2017-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Neurobiological and molecular studies suggest a dichromatic colour vision in canine species, which appears to be similar to that of human red-green colour blindness. Here, we show that dogs exhibit a behavioural response similar to that of red-green blind human subjects when tested with a modified version of a test co...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170869
更新日期:2017-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::Avoiding biological contaminants is a well-known manifestation of the adaptive system of disgust. In theory, animals evolved with such a system to prevent pathogen and parasite infection. Bodily products are human-universal disgust elicitors, but whether they also elicit avoidance behaviour in non-human primates has y...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170968
更新日期:2017-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::Aquaculture is the fastest growing food sector and feeds over 3 billion people. Bivalve shellfish aquaculture makes up 25% of global aquaculture production and is worth annually US$19 billion, but continued growth is currently limited by suboptimal diets and limited tools for disease control. New advances in microenca...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171142
更新日期:2017-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::The study of the evolution of abiotic niches can be informative regarding the speciation drivers in a given group. Yet, two factors that could potentially affect niche evolution have seldom been addressed concomitantly, which are biotic interactions and geographical isolation. In this study, we used as a model group t...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170293
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The black marlin (Istiompax indica) is a highly migratory billfish that occupies waters throughout the tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific. To characterize the vertical habitat use of I. indica, we examined the temperature-depth profiles collected using 102 pop-up satellite archival tags deployed off the east coast ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170694
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolism is the only biological system that can be fully modelled at genome scale. As a result, metabolic models have been increasingly used to study the molecular mechanisms of various diseases. Hypoxia, a low-oxygen tension, is a well-known characteristic of many cancer cells. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) controls...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170360
更新日期:2017-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::The increasing amount of plastic littered into the sea may provide a new substratum for benthic organisms. These marine fouling communities on plastic have not received much scientific attention. We present, to our knowledge, the first comprehensive analysis of their macroscopic community composition, their primary pr...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170549
更新日期:2017-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::The anatomical design of the human foot is considered to facilitate generation of bipedal walking. However, how the morphology and structure of the human foot actually contribute to generation of bipedal walking remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the three-dimensional kinematics of the foot bones u...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171086
更新日期:2017-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally recognized that dimethylformamide (DMF) and ethanol are good media to uniformly disperse graphene, and therefore have been used widely in the preparation of epoxy/graphene nanocomposites. However, as a solvent to disperse graphene, dichlorobenzene (DCB) has not been fully realized by the polymer commun...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170778
更新日期:2017-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanical properties of any substance are essential facts to understand its behaviour and make the maximum use of the particular substance. Rocks are indeed an important substance, as they are of significant use in the energy industry, specifically for fossil fuels and geothermal energy. Attenuation of seismic wa...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170896
更新日期:2017-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::Provisioning wildlife for tourism is a controversial yet widespread practice. We analysed the residency patterns of juvenile whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) in Oslob, Philippines, where provisioning has facilitated a large shark-watching operation since 2011. We identified 208 individual sharks over three years, with a...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170394
更新日期:2017-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::In the field of evaluative conditioning (EC), two opposing theories-propositional single-process theory versus dual-process theory-are currently being discussed in the literature. The present set of experiments test a crucial prediction to adjudicate between these two theories: Dual-process theory postulates that eval...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.160935
更新日期:2017-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research has provided evidence that mood can spread over social networks via social contagion, but that, in seeming contradiction to this, depression does not. Here, we investigate whether there is evidence for the individual components of mood (such as appetite, tiredness and sleep) spreading through US adoles...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170336
更新日期:2017-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Miniaturized accelerometers are necessary for evaluating the performance of small devices, such as haptics, robotics and simulators. In this study, we fabricated miniaturized accelerometers using well-aligned ZnO nanowires. The layer of ZnO nanowires is used for active piezoelectric layer of the accelerometer, and cop...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170557
更新日期:2017-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines involved in leucocyte trafficking to infected tissue. Growth-related oncogene (GRO) chemokines namely CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL3 are neutrophil activating chemokines sharing a conserved three-dimensional structure, but encompassing functional diversity due to gene duplication and evolu...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171059
更新日期:2017-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::The shapes of vertebrate teeth are often used as hallmarks of diet. Here, however, we demonstrate evidence of frequent piscivory by cartilaginous fishes with pebble-like teeth that are typically associated with durophagy, the eating of hard-shelled prey. High-resolution micro-computed tomography observation of a jaw s...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170674
更新日期:2017-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::In 1665, Huygens observed that two identical pendulum clocks, weakly coupled through a heavy beam, soon synchronized with the same period and amplitude but with the two pendula swinging in opposite directions. This behaviour is now called anti-phase synchronization. This paper presents an analysis of the behaviour of ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170777
更新日期:2017-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::We model radicalization in a society consisting of two competing religious, ethnic or political groups. Each of the 'sects' is divided into moderate and radical factions, with intra-group transitions occurring either spontaneously or through indoctrination. We also include the possibility of one group violently attack...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170678
更新日期:2017-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::The copper-containing nitrite reductases (CuNIRs) are a class of enzymes that mediate the reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide in biological systems. Metal-ligand complexes that reproduce the salient features of the active site of CuNIRs are therefore of fundamental interest, both for elucidating the possible mode of ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170593
更新日期:2017-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::Some species of criocerine beetles have a hyper-elongated part of the intromittent organ called a flagellum. In resting position, the flagellum is stored in a specialized internal sac in the intromittent organ. This specialized state of the flagellum and internal sac is indispensable during copulation for flagellar in...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.161029
更新日期:2017-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::This paper has two central aims. The first is to explore philosophical complications that arise when we move from (i) explaining the evolutionary origins of genetically influenced traits associated with human cooperation and altruism, to (ii) explaining present manifestations of human thought, feeling and behaviour in...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170441
更新日期:2017-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::Building information modelling (BIM) can be applied to tunnel engineering to address a number of problems, including complex structure, extensive design, long construction cycle and increased security risks. To promote the development of tunnel engineering in China, this paper combines actual cases, including the Xing...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsos.170174
更新日期:2017-08-02 00:00:00
abstract::When addressing their young infants, parents systematically modify their speech. Such infant-directed speech (IDS) contains exaggerated vowel formants, which have been proposed to foster language development via articulation of more distinct speech sounds. Here, this assumption is rigorously tested using both acoustic...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170306
更新日期:2017-08-02 00:00:00
abstract::Online evolution of behavioural control on real robots is an open-ended approach to autonomous learning and adaptation: robots have the potential to automatically learn new tasks and to adapt to changes in environmental conditions, or to failures in sensors and/or actuators. However, studies have so far almost exclusi...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.160938
更新日期:2017-07-26 00:00:00
abstract::In mobile social groups, influence patterns driving group movement can vary between democratic and despotic. The arrival at any single pattern of influence is thought to be underpinned by both environmental factors and group composition. To identify the specific patterns of influence driving travel decision-making in ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170148
更新日期:2017-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::Improving the specific capacity and electronic conductivity of TiO2 can boost its practical application as a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries. In this work, a three-dimensional networking oxygen-deficient nano TiO2-x/carbon fibre membrane was achieved by combining the electrospinning process with a h...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170323
更新日期:2017-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::In the aftermath of a flood, fire ants, Solenopsis invicta, cluster into temporary encampments. The encampments can contain hundreds of thousands of ants and reach over 30 ants high. How do ants build such tall structures without being crushed? In this combined experimental and theoretical study, we investigate the sh...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170475
更新日期:2017-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::Chromium oxide coatings prepared by radiofrequency reactive magnetron sputtering on stainless steel substrates were exposed to Ringer's physiological solution and tested for their electrochemical corrosion stability using an open circuit potential measurement, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance sp...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170218
更新日期:2017-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Humans stand out among animals for their unique capacities in domains such as language, culture and imitation, yet it has been difficult to identify cognitive elements that are specifically human. Most research has focused on how information is processed after it is acquired, e.g. in problem solving or 'insight' tasks...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.161011
更新日期:2017-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::We present experimental data on the nematic alignment of Escherichia coli bacteria confined in a slit, with an emphasis on the effect of growth rate and corresponding changes in cell aspect ratio. Global alignment with the channel walls arises from the combination of local nematic ordering of nearby cells, induced by ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170463
更新日期:2017-06-21 00:00:00